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Half-Truths, Big Risks: The Dangers of an Incomplete Medical History

<ѻý class="mpt-content-deck">— Creating an environment that fosters open communication is essential
MedpageToday
A photo of a male physician filling out a form across from his patient.
Bitterman is an orthopedic surgeon.

Honesty is the lifeblood of the doctor-patient relationship. Without it, even the most skilled physician is working with one hand tied behind their back. I learned this firsthand with a patient who sought elective surgery for a toe deformity. She withheld two crucial facts: she smoked and had a previous infection after surgery elsewhere. These omissions had serious consequences, complicating her recovery and increasing her risk of further problems.

I wish I could say this case was unique. The truth is, surveys have shown that patients are in .

Patients often withhold information, sometimes due to fear or embarrassment, other times due to misunderstanding the relevance of certain details. The repercussions can be severe. In my patient's case, knowing about her smoking and prior infection would have fundamentally changed my approach. Smoking significantly impairs wound healing and elevates surgical risks. A previous infection raises the possibility of lingering bacteria that could compromise the new surgical site.

Had I been aware of these factors, I could have postponed the surgery, required smoking cessation prior to the procedure, or ordered additional tests to ensure her safety. This lack of information prevented me from making fully informed decisions and providing the best possible care.

Orthopedic surgery, in particular, requires a comprehensive understanding of the patient's overall health and lifestyle. We consider everything from their mobility and home support system to their detailed medical history, current medications, and lifestyle choices.

Checklists help us identify high-risk conditions like diabetes and smoking, but these tools are only as good as the information provided. Post-operative compliance is another critical area where honesty is paramount. Restrictions on weight-bearing, for example, are essential for proper healing. When patients don't adhere to these guidelines, it can lead to increased pain, complications, and even worse outcomes. Soiled dressings or casts can sometimes be a telltale sign of non-compliance, prompting further investigation and difficult conversations. Building a relationship where patients feel comfortable admitting these struggles is crucial for their well-being.

Modern medicine relies heavily on data-driven decisions and evidence-based practices. Risk calculators, for example, use factors like smoking, infection history, and other comorbidities to predict potential complications and guide treatment plans. However, these tools are rendered ineffective without accurate and complete patient information. Inaccurate data leads to imprecise calculations, putting patient safety at risk. The effectiveness of these evidence-based tools is entirely dependent on the integrity of the information inputted.

Creating an environment that fosters open communication is essential for encouraging honesty in the doctor-patient relationship. Patients need to feel safe, understood, and free from judgment when sharing sensitive information. This requires active listening on the part of the physician, empathy, and a genuine commitment to a collaborative partnership. Sometimes, involving behavioral health professionals can be beneficial in breaking down communication barriers and addressing underlying anxieties or fears. It's important to remember that patients may withhold information for a variety of reasons, and addressing those root causes is key.

Ultimately, the best outcomes arise from a strong, honest, and trusting doctor-patient relationship. When patients feel safe, understood, and respected, they are more likely to share crucial details, empowering physicians to provide the most effective and personalized care.

Honesty isn't just about telling the truth; it's about building trust, fostering collaboration, and ensuring the best possible health outcomes. It's about creating a partnership where both the patient and physician work together towards a common goal: optimal health and well-being. Open communication is the foundation upon which successful treatment is built.

is an orthopedic surgeon at Northwell Health, New York's largest health system.